10 Best Smart Litter Boxes With App (October 2026)

If you are searching for the best smart litter boxes with app control, you have probably noticed the same thing we did: almost every brand now ships a phone app, but the apps are not comparable. Some give you a real weight and toileting history you can actually use for a urinary health question. Others are a thin front-end with a rotating ad for an extended warranty and a sign-up screen you cannot skip.

So we scored them. We pulled the specification sheets, read what the apps really log, and read through thousands of customer reviews looking for the same ten things on every model: how the app connects, whether weight tracking costs money, whether you can start a cycle remotely, whether the box keeps working when the Wi-Fi drops, and what happens when the sensors get it wrong. That scorecard sits at the top of this page because the app is the entire reason this list exists.

Every self-cleaning litter box here runs on clumping litter, separates waste into a sealed drawer, and stops the cycle when a cat is detected inside. What separates them is capacity, entry height, noise, sensor coverage, and the software that logs your cat’s toilet habits. Ten models made the cut across the size range, from a compact drum for kittens to a large open-top unit with a camera that reads waste consistency.

We also tracked down the failure modes that show up in owner communities, because the difference between a good app-connected box and a frustrating one is rarely in the marketing photos. It is in what happens at month four when the app signs you out or a phantom weight reading stops the drum mid-cycle.

Top 3 Picks for the Best Smart Litter Boxes With an App

The three below are the strongest balance of rating, review volume, app quality, and physical capacity in this group. Every other model has a specific reason to exist, but these three cover the most households well.

The App Scorecard for Every Smart Litter Box With an App

This is the quick answer table. Each row lists what the app does rather than what the machine does, because with an app-connected litter box the software is often the deciding factor. Litter compatibility, entry height, and waste capacity are covered in the individual reviews and the buying guide further down.

How We Picked and Scored These Boxes

We weighted three things equally-ish: 40 percent specification and app research, 30 percent customer feedback, and 30 percent app feature scoring. That last category is the reason this page exists, and it covers twelve fixed criteria — app name, platform availability, what the free tier includes, whether weight tracking is free or paid, remote cycle reliability, notification types, litter-level alerts, multi-cat identification method, camera capability, supported Wi-Fi bands, iOS and Android parity, and whether the box still cleans when the app cannot be reached.

Ratings and review counts are copied exactly as they appear on the listing, because a 4.6 from 500 reviews and a 4.2 from 1350 reviews are not the same signal. We also down-weighted listings with heavy review volume but no usable documentation, and we flagged every unit that requires assembly, leveling, or a specific floor surface.

One caveat worth stating plainly: we worked from manufacturer specifications and customer feedback rather than long-term hands-on ownership of every unit, so treat the noise and capacity figures as published numbers.

1. DuckSky 65L All-in-One App Box: Best Overall Smart Litter Box With an App

The design that sets this one apart is structural: the litter area and the waste receptacle are one connected body rather than a drum sitting inside a bin. That means there is no rotating globe to trap a cat against a moving wall, which is the single safety complaint that shows up most often with enclosed self-cleaning boxes. Reviewers describe the same result, cats adapting quickly and using it without the protest-tooping outside the box that owners report with high-step-over designs.

The app is the useful half of the deal here. It records visit frequency, time of visit, and weight changes, and it runs on a 2.4GHz connection only, so it will join a home network but will not sit on a 5GHz band alone. Three cleaning modes are available: automatic after each use, on a timer, and manual from the app.

Capacity is the other headline. A 65L toilet area with a 9L collection compartment is generous for the price bracket, and the cat weight range runs from 3 to 18 pounds. Every removable component comes apart for washing, which matters more than the marketing suggests, because a self-cleaning box that cannot be properly cleaned becomes a smell problem within weeks.

Odor control runs on a separate collection module plus an ozone generator, which handles the sharp ammonia smell better than a deodorizer cartridge alone. It does not eliminate odor completely in a small, poorly ventilated room, and the gel freshener scent that some owners like fades quickly after opening.

Check the liner situation before you buy

The most repeated complaint is litter and small clumps escaping from the liner edges onto the floor and under the machine during the cleaning cycle. Owners who place a mat under the unit report the same scatter, so budget for a swept floor and a small vacuum rather than expecting zero litter outside the box.

Bag replacement is also the fiddliest part of the routine. The liner sits at a seam in the combined body, so swapping it takes two hands and more attention than a standard roll-on waste bag.

Who should skip it

If you have a cat over 18 pounds, look at the Meowant or PETLIBRO models listed below, both rated to 22 pounds with a wider interior. If your household runs a lot of cats and you need per-cat identification rather than a single usage count, this app logs the visit but does not tell you which cat made it.

Documentation is also thin. Several owners mention a part that appears in the assembly without being named or explained, so budget extra time for setup and check the diagram against the parts laid out in front of you.

2. Meowant MW-SC02: Best App-Enabled Box for Large and Senior Cats

This is the box to look at first if entry height decides your purchase. A 6.8 inch step into a 75L open interior is about as easy as an automatic box gets, and owner feedback in the reviews repeatedly praises the fact that senior, short-legged, and overweight cats use it without hesitation. There is no globe, no rotating door, and no step-over lip to negotiate.

The AIRPET app is the most capable multi-cat app in this group by headcount, holding profiles for up to six cats with real-time weight and activity tracking. Sensor coverage is genuinely thorough: nine high-precision sensors cover weight detection, motion stopping, and abnormality alerts, backed by an integrated anti-pinch structure that physically blocks the mechanism rather than only reporting a contact.

Motor noise is listed at 38dB, which is quieter than a refrigerator hum and low enough that most cats do not notice a cycle. Clumping litter with clumps under 15mm is the supported type. The package includes a litter mat, liner, deodorant gel, adapter, and manual, so nothing else needs buying to get started.

Litter compatibility has one hard rule worth memorizing: do not fill above the warning line. Owners who overfill report the machine stripping the excess into the waste compartment, which wastes litter and annoys the cat.

Two setup mistakes that ruin the weight readings

Do not put a mat under the machine. This is the single most cited mistake in the reviews, and it causes the base weight sensors to read incorrectly, which in turn throws off every cat weight number in the app. Set the box directly on a hard, level floor.

Do not exceed the fill line, and do not ignore the clump size limit. Those two rules together decide whether the sifter separates waste cleanly or leaves clumps in the bed for the next visit.

Know what the app cannot separate

Weight-based identification works until two cats get close in weight, and the reviews confirm readings can swap between similar-sized cats. That is fine for a single cat and acceptable for two very different sizes, but in a household of same-weight litter-mates the app cannot tell you who went.

The 2.4GHz-only connection is a mild limitation on newer routers that split bands automatically. If your network has no 2.4GHz network available, this app will not pair.

3. Mintakawa Quiet Drum Box: Best App Box for Kittens and Smaller Cats

At 15.15 inches deep and under 35dB, this is the smallest and quietest footprint here, and it suits a home where floor space is the binding constraint. The listing targets cats from 3.5 to 15 pounds, which makes it a natural fit for kittens and medium cats rather than a large or senior animal.

The app reports three things owners find genuinely useful: weight, how long the cat spent inside, and how many visits occurred. That combination is enough to catch a urinary change early, since a cat that visits more often and spends less time per visit is the pattern most owners are watching for.

Cleaning is straightforward. The drum lifts out and is washable, so a full clean does not mean dismantling the shell or dealing with a fixed chute. Owners in the reviews call out the removable drum as the main reason maintenance is unremarkable.

Connection is flexible for a box in this category: the app pairs over 2.4GHz Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. Bluetooth pairing is helpful during setup when the box is still in the box in another room, and it also means a router without a 2.4GHz band is not an automatic dead end.

Plan for the assembly step

This unit ships disassembled and takes roughly 30 minutes to put together. That is not unusual in this category, but it is the most common complaint in the reviews, so set aside an evening and run a test cycle with no cat in the box before you plug the real litter in.

Level the unit and run the test mode first. A tilted base skews every weight reading the app produces, and the early readings set the baseline for everything that follows.

Where the size limit bites

At a 15 pound ceiling, this is the wrong box for a Maine Coon, a Ragdoll, or any cat that has had a vet conversation about joint pain. Owners with larger cats describe a tight fit rather than a refusal, but it removes the room to turn around comfortably, and a cramped interior is a common reason cats stop using a box.

It is also not the pick for a multi-cat household that needs to tell individuals apart, since the app tracks a single weight and usage pattern.

4. UPFAS App Litter Box: Best Value Multi-Cat Tracking

The reason this one earns a place is the combination of a detailed usage history in the free app and no subscription anywhere in the feature list. Owners running two or three cats report the history view being the feature they check most, and none of it is behind a paid tier, which is the sharpest complaint aimed at the more expensive app ecosystems.

Noise sits below 35dB, matching the quietest group here, so it works in a small apartment or near a bedroom wall. The drum lifts out and can be washed with water, which keeps the deep clean to a single part rather than the whole frame.

App connectivity runs over 2.4GHz Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, so setup does not depend on your router exposing a legacy band at the moment you unbox it. The app tracks weight, time spent inside, and frequency of use, which is the standard triad for spotting a change in toileting habits.

The frame measures 19.84 by 18.23 by 22.44 inches, so plan the footprint before ordering. It is designed for medium cats and kittens and the reviews reflect that sizing being appropriate rather than tight.

Level it after the litter goes in, not before

The manual instruction to level the unit after adding litter catches people out. Owners who level first and then add litter report the base sitting slightly off, and the app then carries a weight error for every cat that uses the box. Leveling after loading is the step that fixes it.

If you would rather skip assembly entirely, the manufacturer lists a no-assembly version of this box in the same store, which is worth comparing before you commit.

What you give up versus the AI camera models

There is no camera here, so no waste-consistency analysis and no per-cat identification. In a household where cats differ clearly in weight, the app still tells you something useful. In a household of three similar-weight cats, it reports usage without reporting who.

There is also no litter-level alert in the app, so you are still checking the fill line yourself rather than getting a push notification when the bed runs low.

5. Hazrela Mini-E: Best Open-Top Box for Skittish Cats

The reasoning behind this pick is psychological rather than technical. An open top with a wide, unobstructed view removes the enclosed-door problem entirely, and owners with skittish or newly adopted cats report the transition going much faster than with a globe design. There is no moving wall and no ceiling for a frightened cat to hide under while the machine runs.

Sensor coverage is the strongest claim on the paper spec: six infrared sensors plus four weight sensors, ten in total, all dedicated to halting the cycle when a cat is inside. The 2.4GHz app logs weight and toilet records and sends notifications for usage, cycle completion, and a full bin.

The waste compartment holds 10.5L in a sealed bin, which owners quote at up to 14 days for a single cat. A built-in deodorant balm handles residual odor alongside the seal. Forty waste bags are included, which covers most owners a couple of months.

Installation is tool-free and every detachable part is washable. Entry is a 16.5 by 16.33 inch opening with no step, and the listed minimum cat weight is 3.3 pounds.

Know what you will be un-jamming

The most serious recurring complaint is the drum catching during the dump cycle and needing to be freed by hand. Owners describe this as occasional rather than constant, but it is the failure mode most likely to end a relationship with this box, so it belongs at the front of the decision rather than the fine print.

Deep cleaning is more involved than a pan box. The unit has to be carried out in two pieces, and the reviews describe cracks and crevices around the base that hold litter and moisture.

Two things to watch in the first month

The fabric-style litter bed is the weak point for urine. Several owners report moisture reaching the bottom of the unit, which points at the base absorbing rather than the liner sealing. Check the base monthly in the first few months.

Litter also tracks out onto the floor, partly because the open top gives the cat a clear path to fling it. A mat around the base helps. Separately, some cats avoid the taller backing panel and house-soil nearby, so keep a familiar box close by during the first fortnight.

6. Lohhuby CAST-LB500B: Best App for Scheduled Cleaning

Hardware-wise this is a well-built open-design box. The inner drum lifts out without a full teardown, running noise is very low, and owners report good odor control on a weekly bag change. Most households in the reviews got their cat using it within days.

The schedule control is the app feature that stands out. Setting a cleaning timetable is quick and straightforward, and the app pushes real-time status updates rather than only logging visits after the fact. For a household on a fixed routine that is a genuine convenience.

Here is the honest part: the app is the weakest link. Owners describe it as cluttered with promotions, forcing a registration that cannot be bypassed, serving long ads on open, and showing an extended-warranty offer at every login. It also asks for location permission it has no reason to use.

If you dislike an app that treats you as a marketing surface, this is not the box for you, even though the machine underneath is sound. Owners who rated the app down still rated the cleaning performance up.

Decide whether the ad load breaks the deal

Ask yourself how often you plan to open the app. If you check once a day out of genuine curiosity about your cat, a minute of advertising each time is a real cost of ownership in attention. If you set a schedule once and mostly glance at the box itself, the annoyance is minor.

The forced registration matters for privacy. You cannot use the schedule controls without an account, and the app requests location access that has no connection to a litter box.

Two physical details that shape the install

The rotating top rides on a wheel rather than screwing down, which some owners read as less stable than a threaded connection. At 20.67 inches tall and square, it also takes a noticeable amount of floor space for an open design.

The open layout means more stray litter around the base. A tracking mat handles it, but plan for a vacuum in the rotation rather than once a month.

7. BCHARYA WCT-01: Best Aromatherapy Odor Control With an App

This is the highest-rated unit in the group, and the reviews are consistent about why: the cleaning cycle simply works, the odor control is noticeably better than competing boxes in the same range, and the machine is quiet enough to forget. Presence sensors detect the cat and delay the cycle rather than starting while an animal is nearby.

Odor is handled by a dedicated aromatherapy compartment that runs alongside the waste separation, not by a deodorizer cartridge you have to keep buying. For an apartment, a small house, or any room where the litter box is close to where you sleep, that difference is the reason to look here first.

The design also reduces litter waste. Because clumps are separated rather than scooped by hand, less clean litter is removed with each cycle, which owners notice as longer intervals between full changes.

Removable components make a deep clean manageable, and cat litter box liners are included so you are not hunting for the right bag size on day one.

The app is the reason this is not the top pick

The companion app is described in reviews as minimal and not especially usable. It works as a remote control and cycle trigger, but it does not deliver the weight and usage history that justified including this box in an app roundup in the first place.

If you want health data, choose a different unit. If you want the box to stop smelling and to stop you scooping, this one delivers more than the app-focused models at a similar price.

Two things the listing does not tell you

Weight and exact dimensions are not published for this model. Ask for the footprint before ordering if you are fitting it into a tight corner or under a counter, since the housing is described as compact but unmeasured.

Build is rigid plastic, which feels basic in the hand. It has not caused functional complaints in the reviews, but it is the kind of thing worth weighing if you expect to move the box regularly.

8. FRCFRC CAST-500D: Best Low-Profile App Box for Big and Small Cats

The reason to look at this one is the profile. At 14.96 inches tall with a square 20.47 inch footprint, it is dramatically lower than the globe and drum designs that dominate this category, which matters if your litter box lives under a counter, beside a low shelf, or in a spot where a 22 inch tall machine is not going to fit.

Despite the low body, the supported cat weight range is broad: 3.3 to 20 pounds in a single or multi-cat home. Operating noise is below 35dB, and the app tracks weight, toilet duration, and visit count in real time.

The entire drum is washable with water and lifts out, so cleaning does not require working around fixed geometry. An anti-pinch design covers the moving parts.

Connection runs over 2.4GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, giving a fallback path during setup if your router does not expose a 2.4GHz network at that moment.

Budget 90 minutes for assembly

This is the longest assembly in the group, roughly three times what the other drum models need, and it is the single complaint the reviews repeat. It ships flat and the low profile is the reason: more frame to square up before the shell closes.

Assemble it before the cat needs it. A test cycle with no litter and no cat is worth the extra ten minutes.

What the low profile does not give you

A shorter body means a shallower litter bed, and owners of larger cats note that a shallow bed leaves less room to turn and dig. If your cat is near the 20 pound ceiling, confirm the interior depth suits it before committing.

The app has no camera, no waste analysis, and no per-cat identification, so it reports one weight and one usage pattern. It suits multi-cat homes where you want a volume reading, not a household that needs to know which cat went.

9. PETLIBRO Luma With Camera: Best App and Camera Health Tracking

This is the only model here that looks at what actually came out of the box. A built-in AI camera analyzes waste consistency, frequency, and habits, and the app raises an alert when those patterns shift. That is a step beyond weight and visit counts, and it is the closest thing to early detection this category offers.

Multi-cat recognition handles up to 10 cats from any angle, so in a multi-cat household each animal gets its own profile with its own weight trend, usage log, and camera history. The app also controls cleaning cycles, sleep mode, and live and recorded video.

Odor control is the most engineered part of the machine. A built-in fan circulates air continuously through a carbon deodorizer, and the manufacturer cites 97 percent odor elimination in third-party lab testing. The sealed 2.9 gallon waste bin holds up to 14 days for one cat.

Physical design is careful in ways that matter. It is open-top with a removable entry step for cats up to 22 pounds, a leak-proof side guard channels urine to a sealed waterproof mat, and visual, weight, and infrared sensors pause cleaning the instant a cat is detected.

The subscription is not optional

AI analysis and video recording require a paid subscription. Everything else in the app, including cleaning cycles, sleep mode, usage data, and weight trends, works without it. Decide up front whether you want the camera intelligence or just the data.

Storage is cloud-side only. SD cards are not supported, so if you do not want video leaving your home, this is not the box for you and you should confirm retention and export terms before buying.

Know what you are giving up in space

At 23.3 by 22.5 by 28.1 inches and 33 pounds, this is the largest and heaviest unit in the roundup by a wide margin. It also needs a two-year warranty consideration and careful handling if you ever move it, since it is one solid piece rather than a lift-out drum.

One safety note from the manufacturer: leave auto-clean off for kittens, pregnant or nursing cats, and any cat under 2.2 pounds. The good news is this box comes with a 30-day risk-free trial and a two-year warranty, which is the strongest return policy in this group.

10. WARCAT CH-ICB015: Best Sensor Suite and Widest Cat Size Range

The sensor suite is the headline: dual infrared sensors, two sets of Hall effect sensing radars, and a microwave radar, which is the most layered detection arrangement in this group. Three different sensing methods have to agree before the mechanism moves, which is the design most likely to leave a cat unharmed during a cycle.

The 90L drum covers cats from 2.2 to 24.2 pounds, the widest range here by a distance. That single number covers a kitten and a very large adult in the same household, which is unusual in this category.

Waste capacity is the other practical strength. An 8.6L drawer holds roughly 10 days of use, and the bin accepts any garbage bag 17.7 inches or larger, so you are not locked into proprietary liners.

Odor control combines an airtight cover, scented gel, and a 72-hour continuous purification cycle. The 2.4GHz app handles scheduling and tracks visit frequency and time spent. Disassembly is quick, which matters given the size of the drum.

Footprint and care requirements

At 18.9 by 18.9 by 23.4 inches, the body is wide rather than deep, so it needs a clear square of floor rather than a long thin gap. Measure the spot before ordering, especially next to a wall or under a desk.

Keep the base dry during cleaning. Water in the base is the one thing that can cause real damage, and the manufacturer is explicit about spraying the removable parts rather than flooding the shell.

What you trade for the sensor depth

There is no camera and no waste-consistency analysis, so the app logs visits and time but cannot tell you anything about what came out. The waste drawer is smaller than the PETLIBRO unit, so the 10-day estimate assumes one cat or light use.

The app is 2.4GHz only, and the in-the-box package is unusually complete: waste box, protective pad, power adapter, fragrant gel, a bag roll, and manual.

Buying Guide for App-Connected Litter Boxes

Start with the app, not the machine, because that is what this roundup is filtered on. Two questions decide it: what the free tier gives you, and whether the box keeps cleaning when the app cannot be reached. Every model here runs its cycle on a hardware timer once configured, but a firmware update that leaves the unit offline can stop some of them from accepting new settings until reconnected.

What app features actually matter

Weight tracking is the baseline. It is free on all ten boxes here, and it is the number that catches a urinary or digestive change early, because most conditions show up in weight before they show up in behavior. Visit frequency and time spent are the next most valuable pair, since a cat visiting more often and lingering less is the pattern owners watch for.

Remote cycle control is convenient but not essential. Cleaning on a schedule or after each use does the same work, and scheduling is the feature most likely to be buried behind a paid tier. Litter-level alerts are genuinely useful because almost nobody notices a falling fill line, and in this group only a handful of apps offer them.

Camera features split the category. The PETLIBRO model analyzes waste consistency and records video, but both require a subscription and the storage is cloud-side with no SD card option. Everything else in this roundup is weight and usage data only. Read our guide to automatic litter boxes if you want the hardware side covered without the app filter.

What breaks and how to fix it

The most common app-connected failure is a phantom weight reading, often called a ghost cat. A sensor picks up a change that is not a cat, the machine believes it is occupied, and the cycle never starts or stops halfway. It usually clears by wiping the sensor area and recalibrating, and by keeping the floor clear so the base weight reading stays stable. Putting a mat under a weight-sensing box is the most common cause, which is why the Meowant instructions warn against it directly.

Second is the app losing the unit. A firmware update or a forced logout can leave the box showing offline or already added, and the workaround is a power cycle followed by re-running onboarding, then removing and re-adding the unit if it still refuses. Check whether your router exposes a 2.4GHz network, since every box here except the Bluetooth-capable models needs one.

Third is the drawer-full warning when the drawer is not full. That one is usually debris on the sensor strip or a liner that is not seated flat, so clear the sensor area and re-seat the bag before blaming the electronics.

Litter compatibility and entry height

Clumping bentonite clay is the safe default for every box here. Most machines specify a maximum clump size, commonly under 15mm, and clumps outside that range slip through the sifter and stay in the bed. Tofu and pine pellets work on models whose sifter is designed for them. Crystal and other non-clumping litter stays in the pan by design and will not sift, so check the manual before switching.

Entry height decides more purchases than any other spec. Cats that avoid a box are usually reacting to a step-over they did not previously have, not to automation. The Meowant at a 6.8 inch entry and the open-top Hazrela and PETLIBRO models are the safest choices for senior, short-legged, or large cats, and our guide to litter boxes for large cats goes deeper on sizing.

Flooring, noise, and ongoing costs

Weight sensors need a hard, level floor. Carpet compresses unevenly under the base and skews every reading the app produces, which is why leveling after adding litter is an explicit step for some of these models. If the only available spot is carpet, choose a model that is not weight-driven or accept that the data will be unreliable.

Noise matters more than expected because cats that are startled mid-use may stop using the box. Four models here publish figures below 35dB and one publishes 38dB, all of which sit near or below a refrigerator hum.

Ongoing costs are mostly consumables: liners or bags, deodorizer gel or balm, and in a few cases a paid app tier for camera or AI features. Waste is usually bagged and binned rather than flushed, and used litter belongs in the household trash rather than the toilet. For odor-heavy households our odor control guide covers the non-app side of that problem.

One more practical note for app-connected boxes generally: check whether the manufacturer still ships firmware updates. A connected product with no updates in a year is on borrowed time, and the same caution applies to the app itself on your phone, since a box you cannot configure is an expensive pan.

How to Get Your Cat to Actually Use the Box

Keep the old box. Do not remove it when the automatic one arrives, and expect to run both for at least a week or two.

Place the new box unplugged and uninitialized next to the familiar one for a day or two so your cat can inspect it without anything happening. Then move a small scoop of used litter from the old box into the new one, since the smell is the strongest invitation you can offer.

Run a cycle while your cat is in the room but not in the box, so the sound is not a surprise the first time it runs with a cat inside. Reward use with treats and keep the two boxes side by side until your cat is confidently using the automatic one on its own.

If litter scatter becomes a problem with an open-top model, add a mat around the base. For multi-cat homes, our multi-cat litter box guide covers how many boxes a household actually needs once an automatic unit is added.

Frequently Asked Questions

Final Verdict on the Best Smart Litter Boxes With an App

The DuckSky 65L All-in-One takes the top spot because it solves the safety and capacity problem in the same body: no rotating globe for a cat to be trapped against, the largest interior in the group, and an app that logs visit frequency, timing, and weight changes without a paid tier. With 1350 reviews behind it, it also has the volume of real-world feedback to back up the spec sheet.

Match the rest to your household rather than to a ranking. Senior or large cat, take the Meowant MW-SC02 for its 6.8 inch entry and 22 pound ceiling. Kittens and small cats, take the Mintakawa for its compact frame and sub-35dB motor. Under-counter or low-clearance space, take the FRCFRC at under 15 inches tall. Multi-cat household that needs to tell individuals apart, take the PETLIBRO Luma and accept the subscription and the footprint.

If you also want to know how these compare across a wider field, our app-connected device guide covers the same evaluation method applied to another category. For now, pick the box that matches your cat’s size and your floor surface, then judge the app on the free tier alone. Everything above is current as of 2026, and we update this roundup as models change.